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JAEA Reports

Study of uranium particle fuel fabrication with the external gelation process with the vibration dropping Method

Nishimura, Kazuhisa; Shoji, Shuichi*; *; Sato, Seiichi*; ; Endo, Hideo

JNC TN8430 2001-005, 64 Pages, 2001/09

JNC-TN8430-2001-005.pdf:4.1MB

The external gelation process is one of the candidates of MOX particle fuel fabrication for advanced recycle system. It was necessary to perform preliminary fuel fabrication with uranium before starting MOX tests. As the result of the preliminary examination, Basics conditions of the fabrication were obtained: (1)Optimized uranyl nitrate solution and PVA solution, as raw materials were prepared. (2)The frequency of vibration and the amount of flow were obtained with optimized broth (mixture) in the vibration dropping process. (3)The influence of composition of broth and concentration of ammonia solution on gelation process was obtained. (4)Impurities after aging, washing and drying spHerical gel were surveyed, (5)The spherical gel were calcined to oxide particles and the particles were characterized by TG-DTA, therefore it is certain that outlook on the sintered particles as final products is very clear. On the top of that, there were no fatal technicalities of the external gelation process through material balance and a diameter dispersion of spherical gel and oxide particles. It is necessary to perform uranium examination to solve some new problems, for instant, surface crack of spherical gel. Although almost of all the preparations are completed and fabrication examination of MOX particles with vibration dropping equipment are ready for starting.

JAEA Reports

A Study on modeling and numerical simulation of extraction in the CMPO-TBP system

; ;

JNC TN8400 2001-022, 60 Pages, 2001/03

JNC-TN8400-2001-022.pdf:1.31MB

A numerical simulation code for the TRUEX (Transuranium Extraction) process was developed. Concentration profiles of americium and europium were calculated for some experiments of the counter current extraction system those were carried out in CPF (Chemical Processing Facility) by using the code. Calculation profiles were in agreement with the experimental results. Operational conditions were also examinted for the americium recovery experiment by the TRUEX process carried out in the Plutonium Fuel Center. It was shown that lowering the concentration of nitric acid in the scrub solution and decreasing the flow rate of solvent and strip solution was effective for improving the performance of the stripping step and reducing the volume of the waste solution. In order to find the optimum conditions for various experiments, this simulation code was modified to calculate the concentration profiles of other metal elements such as zirconium and iron and the effect of oxalic acid on the extraction behavior of the metal elements. The calculated concentration profiles of americium and europium were varied by this modification. In the experiment at CPF, the calculations were carried out to obtain recovery ratio of americium in the product stream with the amount of oxalic acid added to the process. This calculation result showed that it was possible to improve the performance of decontamination of fission products by increasing oxalic acid concentration added to the process. The calculation was also carried out for finding the optimum conditions of oxalic acid concentration added to the europium recovery process.

JAEA Reports

A study on properties of uranium oxide using band theory

Tejima, Shogo

JNC TN8400 2000-029, 54 Pages, 2000/10

JNC-TN8400-2000-029.pdf:1.32MB

This report describes the study done by the author as a postdoctoral research associate at Japan Nuclear Cycle Development Institute. This report is divided into three parts: construction of a relativistic band calculation formalism based on the density functional theory, using this method, investigation of the electrical properties for ferromagnetic UGe$$_{2}$$ and antiferromagnetic UO$$_{2}$$. (1)A relativistic band calculation (RBC) method. Band calculations for the s, p, and d electric structure have been developed well in the practical application and theoretical study. But band calculation method treating magnetic 5f electrons as actinide compounds are complicated and needed relativistic approach, so it is behind with the study of the 5f system. In this study we construct the relativistic band calculationformalism valid for magnetic 5f electrons. (2)Electric properties of UGe$$_{2}$$. The actinide compounds UGe$$_{2}$$ is ferromagnetic, so the theoretical analysis is not well yet. The electric structure and fermi surface of UGe$$_{2}$$ are analyzed using the RBC. The theoretical results show that UGe$$_{2}$$ is heavy electron with the 5f character and are agreement with experimental one. (3)Electric structure of nuclear fuel UO$$_{2}$$. It is important to understand the mechanism of the thermal conductivity of nuclear fuel as antiferromagnetic UO$$_{2}$$. The UO$$_{2}$$ band calculation reflecting the thermal properties, into account of relativistic effect, have not done yes. So using the RBC the detailed electric structure of UO$$_{2}$$ are obtained.

JAEA Reports

A study on improvements in accuracy of nuclear data measurements using $$gamma$$-ray spectroscopic methods

Furutaka, Kazuyoshi

JNC TN8400 2000-028, 70 Pages, 2000/10

JNC-TN8400-2000-028.pdf:1.71MB

This report describes the study done by the author as a postdoctoral research associate at Japan Nuclear Cycle Development Institute. This report is divided into two parts: improvements in accuracy in determination of thermal neutron capture cross sections, and improvements in accuracy of photo-nuclear absorption cross section measurements using the HHS. (1)In the measurements of thermal neutron capture cross sections using an activation method, accuracies of the final results attained are limited by (1) accuracy of $$gamma$$-ray peak detection efficiencies, and (2) accuracies of $$gamma$$-ray emission probabilities. In this study; to determine thermal neutron capture cross sections more accurately, the following researches have been done using a newly developed three-dimensional coincidence measurement system: (1)accurate determination of $$gamma$$-ray standard sources using a $$gamma$$-$$gamma$$ coincidence method, for precise calibration of $$gamma$$-ray peak detection efficiency, and (2) development of a $$beta$$-$$gamma$$ coincidence measurement system using a plastic scintillation detector as a $$beta$$-ray detector, for the determination of $$gamma$$-ray emission probabilities of short-lived nuclides, and measurement of $$gamma$$-ray emission probabilities of $$^{100}$$Tc nuclide using the coincidence system. (2)To transform radioactive nuclides with small thermal neutron capture cross sections, use of photonuclear absorption reaction has been suggested. In order to transform these nuclides efficiently using the reaction, one has to know detailed behavior of the photo-absorption cross sections. In this study, a Monte-Carlo simulation code has been used to create a standard set of $$gamma$$-ray response functions of the high-resolution high-energy spectrometer (HHS), to enable reliable analyses of the data obtained by the spectrometer.

JAEA Reports

Study of the quality of vipac oxide fuel obtained by pyro-processing

Kakehi, Isao;

JNC TN9400 2000-054, 84 Pages, 2000/04

JNC-TN9400-2000-054.pdf:7.15MB

This report describes accomplishment of the study on the quality of vipac (vibro-packed) oxide fuel obtained by pyrochemical processing (molten salt electrolytic processing). This study is intended to contribute to the design study of the pyro-reprocessing-vipac fuel recycling system of oxide fuel. In this study, vibro-packing experiment has been conducted using granular U0$$_{2}$$ obtained by molten salt electrolytic processing (cold experiment). The oxide pyro process developed by Research lnstitute of Atomic Reactors (RIAR) is the method in which the sintered oxide is electrically deposited on the cathode at approximately 600$$^{circ}$$C. 0xide granules for vipac fuel are obtained by crushing the oxide deposited on the cathode. This process is also developed as recycle process because it is capable of FP separation. Also in Japan, this process is studied as one of the new FBR fuel recycling systems. ln this study, we made an effort to clarify the mechanisms of vibro-packing of the electrically obtained granules, which influence on the effective parameters of vibro-packing density and fuel particles size distribution in the fuel cladding in case of non-sphere particles of the granules. As a result of the study, smear density of 75% and almost uniform distribution of U0$$_{2}$$ particles have been taken in the experiment, and much knowledge for the improvement of the vibro-packing quality has been found. And the possibility of the smear density over 80% and the uniform distribution of U0$$_{2}$$ particles has been suggested in this study.

JAEA Reports

Desgin study of pyrochemical process operation by using virtual engineering models

Kakehi, Isao; Tozawa, Katsuhiro; ; ; *

JNC TN9400 2000-053, 99 Pages, 2000/04

JNC-TN9400-2000-053.pdf:7.47MB

This report describes accomplishment of simulations of Pyrochemical Process Operation by using virtual engineering models. The pyrochemical process using molten salt electrorefining would introduce new technologies for new fuels of particle oxide, particle nitride and metallic fuels. This system is a batch treatment system of reprocessing and re-fabrication, which transports products of solid form from a process to next process. As a result, this system needs automated transport system for process operations by robotics. ln this study, a simulation code system has been prepared, which provides virtual engineering environment to evaluate the pyrochemical process operation of a batch treatment system using handling robots. And the simulation study has been conducted to evaluate the required system functions, which are the function of handling robots, the interactions between robot and process equipment, and the time schedule of process, in the automated transport system by robotics. As a result of simulation of the process operation, which we have designed, the automated transport system by robotics of the pyrochemical process is realistic. And the issues for the system development have been pointed out.

JAEA Reports

Development of system analysis code for pyrochemical process using molten salt electrorifining

Tozawa, Katsuhiro; ; Kakehi, Isao

JNC TN9400 2000-052, 110 Pages, 2000/04

JNC-TN9400-2000-052.pdf:4.39MB

This report describes accomplishment of development of a cathode processor calculation code to simulate the mass and heat transfer phenomena with the distillation process and development of an analytical model for cooling behavior of the pyrochemical process cell on personal computers. The pyrochemical process using molten salt electrorefining would introduce new technologies for new fuels of particle oxide, particle nitride and metallic fuels. The cathode processor calculation code with distillation process was developed. A code validation calculation has been conducted on the basis of the benchmark problem for natural convection in a square cavity. Results by using the present code agreed well for the velocity-temperature fields, the maximum velocity and its location with the benchmark solution published in a paper. The functions have been added to advance the reality in simulation and to increase the efficiency in utilization. The test run has been conducted using the code with the above modification for an axisymmetric enclosed vessel simulating a cathode processor, and the capability of the distillation process simulation with the code has been confirmed. An analytical model for cooling behavior of the pyrochemical process cell was developed. The analytical model was selected by comparing benchmark analysis with detailed analysis on engineering workstation. Flow and temperature distributions were confirmed by the result of steady state analysis. In the result of transient cooling analysis, an initial transient peak of temperature occurred at balanced heat condition in the steady-state analysis. Final gas temperature distribution was dependent on gas circulation flow in transient condition. Then there were different final gas temperature distributions on the basis of the result of steady-state analysis. This phenomenon has a potential for it's own metastable condition. Therefore it was necessary to design gas cooling flow pattern without ...

JAEA Reports

Study of safety aspects for pyrochemical reprocessing systems

Kakehi, Isao; Nakabayashi, Hiroki

JNC TN9400 2000-051, 237 Pages, 2000/04

JNC-TN9400-2000-051.pdf:8.14MB

In this study, we have proposed the concept of safety systems (solutions of safety problems) in pyrochemical reprocessing systems (lt consists of pyrochemical reprocessing methods and the injection casting process for the metal fuel fabrication, or vibro-packing process for the oxide fuel fabrication.) which has different concept from the existing PUREX reprocessing method and pellet fuel fabrication process. And we performed its safety evaluations. FoIlowing the present Japanese safety regulations for reprocessing facilities, we pointed out functions, design requirements and equipments relating to its safety systems and picked up subjects. For the survey of safety evaluations, we first selected anticipated events and accident events, and second by evaluated 6the correspondence of the limitation of the public exposure to the accidents above, by using two parameters, the safety design parameter (the filter performance to confine radioactive matelials) and the leak inventory of radioactivities, and last by picked up its problems. ln addition to the above evaluations we performed basic criticality analyses for its systems to utilize these results for the design and evaluation of the criticality safety management system. Thus this study specified the concept of safety systems for pyrochemical reprocessing processes and then issues in order to establish safety design policies (matters which must consider for the safety design) and guides and to advance more definite safety design.

JAEA Reports

The development of mass balance estimation code; The development and the analyzed example with object type code(I)

;

JNC TN9400 2000-034, 48 Pages, 2000/03

JNC-TN9400-2000-034.pdf:1.56MB

The study and the development to put FBR (Fast Breeder Reactor) to practical use have been doing. So many kinds of technologies are investigated to construct nuclear fuel recycle received to the society. The most important aim of reprocessing has been to extract U and Pu from spent fuels effectively, but, now, the demands for reprocessing are many kinds on nuclear fuel recycle system's construction. These need to be accepted sufficiently. The system that consists of electrolysis, extraction, with molten salt and melting metal, volatilization and condensation using the difference of vapor pressure is suggested, because, differently from LWR (Light Water Reactor), FBR can use the low decontamination factor's fuel. When the engineering scale plant is designed, the dry reprocessing has unsolved problems(ex. process flow) because of less demonstrative scale plants of the dry reprocessing than ones of the wet reprocessing. So the analysis and the estimation of mass balance that is most fundamental in the dry reprocessing system's design need to keep up with the system's alteration (to add new processes etc.) flexibly. This study aim is to develop the mass balance estimation code of dry reprocessing that satisfies the demand mentioned above.

JAEA Reports

Exact solution of electric transitions and production probability of isomer state of FP

Wada, Hiroaki

JNC TN8400 2000-015, 37 Pages, 2000/03

JNC-TN8400-2000-015.pdf:0.8MB

This report describes the study done within the period of time when I was postdoctoral research worker at Japan Nuclear Cycle Development Institute. The report includes two parts as follows. (1) Exact Solution of Electric Transitions for High Energy photons. Technologies for creating high-energy $$gamma$$ beams have been rapidly developed. These advancements make the research using high-energy $$gamma$$-rays more important. The electric transition rates for high-energy $$gamma$$-rays were formulated. The electric multipole fields were treated strictly in the process of calculating the electric transition rates and the nuclear states were taken as the harmonic oscillator wave functions. (2) Production of the isomeric state of $$^{138}$$Cs in the thermal neutron capture reaction $$^{137}$$Cs(n, $$gamma$$)$$^{138}$$Cs. In order to obtain precise data of the neutron capture cross section of the reaction $$^{137}$$Cs(n, $$gamma$$)$$^{138}$$Cs, the production probability of isomer state $$^{rm 138m}$$Cs was measured in this work. The 1436 keV $$gamma$$-ray emitted from both of $$^{rm 138g}$$Cs and $$^{rm 138m}$$Cs was measured. A production ratio of $$^{rm 138m}$$Cs to ($$^{rm 138g}$$Cs and $$^{rm 138m}$$Cs) was deduced from time dependence of peak counts of 1436keV $$gamma$$-ray. The probability of the production of $$^{rm 138m}$$CS was obtained as 0.75$$pm$$0.18 and this value revised the effective cross section upwards 9$$pm$$2%. The effective cross section $$sigma$$ and the thermal neutron capture cross section $$sigma$$$$_{o}$$ were obtained as $$sigma$$=0.29$$pm$$0.02 b and $$sigma$$$$_{o}$$=0.27$$pm$$0.03 b with taking into account the production of $$^{138m}$$Cs.

JAEA Reports

None

JNC TN9200 99-007, 99 Pages, 1999/06

JNC-TN9200-99-007.pdf:5.34MB

None

JAEA Reports

None

; Koyama, Tomozo; Funasaka, Hideyuki

JNC TN8400 99-021, 34 Pages, 1999/03

JNC-TN8400-99-021.pdf:1.27MB

None

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